Looking for:
Nato alphabet
Click here to ENTER
For nato alphabet and phonetics, each transmission nato alphabet figures is preceded and followed by the words “as a number” spoken twice. Most widely used spelling alphabet. Nonetheless, several regions have changed a single word that is problematic for alphwbet. For instance the message “proceed to map grid DH98” could be transmitted as “proceed to map grid Delta-Hotel-Niner-Ait”. New York [Note 1].
– Nato alphabet
As such, in the following article you will learn more about phonetic alphabets in general, and about the NATO phonetic alphabet in particular. Then, you will see tips on how to memorize the NATO phonetic alphabet, and understand how to use this type of alphabet in everyday situations, as effectively as possible.
To create a phonetic alphabet, you simply replace the letter that you want to say with a word that starts with the same letter , a concept which is called acrophony. For example:. Some phonetic alphabets use codewords that revolve around a specific theme; for example, several older alphabets used names of cities and countries as codewords e.
In addition, note that such alphabets are unrelated to phonetic notation and transcription systems, such as the International Phonetic Alphabet, which uses symbols in order to create a visual representation of sounds that appear in spoken languages.
Phonetic alphabets can facilitate communication in such situations, and reduce the likelihood of miscommunication issues, by helping you spell out exact terms in a way which is intelligible to listeners regardless of the circumstances. In fact, the NATO alphabet is so effective that there have been calls for using it among medical professionals , where accurate communication can be a matter of life and death.
The NATO phonetic alphabet is a widely-used, standardized phonetic alphabet, where each letter in the English alphabet is replaced with a specific, specially-chosen codeword. It was created with the goal of becoming the universal phonetic alphabet, in order to overcome the issues which occurred as a result of different countries and organizations using different alphabets. There are two main advantages to learning the NATO phonetic alphabet today compared to other alphabets:.
Accordingly, the NATO phonetic alphabet consists of 26 codewords, each of which represents a different letter of the English alphabet. These words are:. In the image below, you can see the full NATO phonetic alphabet, which shows which letter each codeword signifies, together with the official phonetic pronunciation of that codeword. By early the ICAO was nearly complete with this research, and published the new official phonetic alphabet in order to account for discrepancies that might arise in communications as a result of multiple alphabet naming systems coexisting in different places and organizations.
Air Force research. After all of the above study, only the five words representing the letters C, M, N, U, and X were replaced. It was finally adopted by the IMO in In the official version of the alphabet, [2] the spellings Alfa and Juliett are used. Alfa is spelled with an f as it is in most European languages because the spelling Alpha may not be pronounced properly by native speakers of some languages — who may not know that ph should be pronounced as f.
The spelling Juliett is used rather than Juliet for the benefit of French speakers, because they may otherwise treat a single final t as silent. Early on, the NATO alliance changed X-ray to Xray in its version of the alphabet to ensure that it would be pronounced as one word rather than as two, [37] while the global organization ICAO keeps the spelling X-ray.
For the and phonetics, each transmission of figures is preceded and followed by the words “as a number” spoken twice. The ITU adopted the IMO phonetic spelling alphabet in , [53] and in specified that it be “for application in the maritime mobile service only”.
Pronunciation was not defined prior to For the post phonetics, the underlined syllable of each letter word should be emphasized, and each syllable of the code words for the post figures should be equally emphasized. The Radiotelephony Spelling Alphabet is used by the International Civil Aviation Organization for international aircraft communications.
Since ‘Nectar’ was changed to ‘November’ in , the code has been mostly stable. However, there is occasional regional substitution of a few code words, such as replacing them with earlier variants, because of local taboos or confusing them with local terminology. From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. This is the latest accepted revision , reviewed on 2 October Most widely used spelling alphabet.
Not to be confused with International Phonetic Alphabet or Phoenician alphabet. For other uses, see Juliet disambiguation. ICAO spelling alphabet. Problems playing this file? See media help. This section needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
International Civil Aviation Organization. Archived from the original on 20 June Retrieved 2 July Archived PDF from the original on 12 April National Communications System. Archived from the original on 11 November Retrieved 11 November Archived PDF from the original on 3 October Archived from the original on 6 March Retrieved 22 August Archived from the original on 12 February Retrieved 23 January July Retrieved 18 June Archived from the original PDF on 7 November Retrieved 31 October Retrieved 20 January Archived from the original on 16 May Indiana University.
Archived from the original on 7 May Retrieved 7 May Archived from the original on 26 June International Code of Signals , p. Fourth edition, London. Archived PDF from the original on 27 February Archived from the original on 2 August Retrieved 11 August Archived PDF from the original on 24 September Archived PDF from the original on 10 March Retrieved 1 November Archived from the original on 30 October Archived PDF from the original on 7 November Recommendation No. Archived from the original on 31 March Washington: International Radiotelegraph Convention.
Retrieved 30 January Madrid: International Telecommunication Union. Cairo: International Telecommunication Union. Atlantic City: International Telecommunication Union. Retrieved 28 January Geneva: International Telecommunication Union. Archived from the original PDF on 8 November Retrieved 31 January Archived PDF from the original on 16 February Archived from the original PDF on 3 June International Telecommunication Union.
Washington, D. Archived PDF from the original on 1 December Friedman, February 11, ” PDF. Archived PDF from the original on 22 July Rijeka: International Maritime Organization.
Archived PDF from the original on 22 February Archived from the original on 7 August Retrieved 7 August Retrieved 7 October It’s now taxiway D — like at every other airport. Retrieved 7 October — via Twitter. Hidden categories: CS1 maint: url-status Webarchive template wayback links Articles with short description Short description matches Wikidata Wikipedia pending changes protected pages Use dmy dates from March Articles with hAudio microformats Articles needing additional references from February All articles needing additional references All articles with unsourced statements Articles with unsourced statements from November Articles with unsourced statements from March Articles with unsourced statements from August Namespaces Article Talk.
Views Read Edit View history. Help Learn to edit Community portal Recent changes Upload file.
– NATO Phonetic Alphabet
Mar 17, · Here are the letters in the NATO phonetic alphabet: A lfa (or A lpha) B ravo C harlie D elta E cho F oxtrot G olf H otel I ndia J uliet (or Juliett) K ilo L ima M ike N ovember O . Jul 10, · The NATO alphabet was specifically chosen to ensure every letter not only sounded different than other letters but also was easy to pronounce and understand by all . NATO AlphabetSpelling Alphabet: Alpha Bravo Charlie Delta. The NATO phonetic alphabet is the most used set of words for spelling letters on phone or radio. There are 26 code words for .
NATO Phonetic Alphabet Chart Download Printable PDF | Templateroller.NATO Phonetic Alphabet (Alpha, Bravo Charlie, Delta) – Worldometer
The International Radiotelephony Spelling Alphabet , commonly known as the NATO phonetic alphabet , is the most widely used set of clear code words for communicating the letters of the Roman alphabet, technically a radiotelephonic spelling alphabet.
The ITU phonetic alphabet and figure code is a rarely used variant that differs in the code words for digits. To create the code, a series of international agencies assigned 26 code words acrophonically to the letters of the Roman alphabet , with the intention of the letters and numbers being easily distinguishable from one another over radio and telephone, regardless of language barriers and connection quality.
The specific code words varied, as some seemingly distinct words were found to be ineffective in real-life conditions. Although spelling alphabets are commonly called “phonetic alphabets”, they should not be confused with phonetic transcription systems such as the International Phonetic Alphabet. Numbers are spoken as English digits, but with the pronunciations of three, four, five, nine , and thousand modified.
It is known that [the spelling alphabet] has been prepared only after the most exhaustive tests on a scientific basis by several nations. One of the firmest conclusions reached was that it was not practical to make an isolated change to clear confusion between one pair of letters.
To change one word involves reconsideration of the whole alphabet to ensure that the change proposed to clear one confusion does not itself introduce others. Nonetheless, several regions have changed a single word that is problematic for them.
See variants. The same alphabetic code words are used by all agencies, but each agency chooses one of two different sets of numeric code words. In practice these are used very rarely, as they are not held in common between agencies. A spelling alphabet is used to spell parts of a message containing letters and numbers to avoid confusion, because many letters sound similar, for instance “n” and “m” or “f” and “s”; the potential for confusion increases if static or other interference is present.
For instance the message “proceed to map grid DH98” could be transmitted as “proceed to map grid Delta-Hotel-Niner-Ait”. The unusual pronunciation of certain numbers was designed to reduce confusion as well. In addition to the traditional military usage, civilian industry uses the alphabet to avoid similar problems in the transmission of messages by telephone systems.
For example, it is often used in the retail industry where customer or site details are spoken by telephone to authorize a credit agreement or confirm stock codes , although ad-hoc coding is often used in that instance. It has been used often by information technology workers to communicate serial or reference codes which are often very long or other specialised information by voice. Most major airlines use the alphabet to communicate passenger name records PNRs internally, and in some cases, with customers.
It is often used in a medical context as well, to avoid confusion when transmitting information. During the Vietnam War , the U. The final choice of code words for the letters of the alphabet and for the digits was made after hundreds of thousands of comprehension tests involving 31 nationalities.
The qualifying feature was the likelihood of a code word being understood in the context of others. For example, Football has a higher chance of being understood than Foxtrot in isolation, but Foxtrot is superior in extended communication. To eliminate wide variations in pronunciation, posters illustrating the pronunciation desired by ICAO are available.
Pronunciations are somewhat uncertain because the agencies, while ostensibly using the same pronunciations, give different transcriptions, which are often inconsistent from letter to letter. Numbers 10—99 are spelled out that is, 17 is spoken “one seven” and 60 is spoken “six zero” , while for hundreds and thousands the English words hundred and thousand are used. The pronunciation of the digits 3, 4, 5, and 9 differs from standard English — being pronounced tree , fower , fife , and niner.
The digit 3 is specified as tree so that it is not pronounced sri ; the long pronunciation of 4 still found in some English dialects keeps it somewhat distinct from for ; 5 is pronounced with a second “f” because the normal pronunciation with a “v” is easily confused with “fire” a command to shoot ; and 9 has an extra syllable to keep it distinct from German nein ‘no’.
In order to eliminate wide variations in pronunciation, posters illustrating the desired pronunciation are available from ICAO. Prior to World War I and the development and widespread adoption of two-way radio that supported voice, telephone spelling alphabets were developed to improve communication on low-quality and long-distance telephone circuits.
The experience gained with that alphabet resulted in several changes being made during by the ITU. Throughout World War II, many nations used their own versions of a spelling alphabet. The U. At least two of the terms are sometimes still used by UK civilians to spell words over the phone, namely F for Freddie and S for Sugar. To enable the U.
The CCB alphabet itself was based on the U. Army Field Manuals in the series. Several of these documents had revisions, and were renamed. Major F. Handy, directorate of Communications in the Army Air Force and a member of the working committee of the Combined Communications Board , enlisted the help of Harvard University’s Psycho-Acoustic Laboratory, asking them to determine the most successful word for each letter when using “military interphones in the intense noise encountered in modern warfare.
According to a report on the subject:. The results showed that many of the words in the military lists had a low level of intelligibility, but that most of the deficiencies could be remedied by the judicious selection of words from the commercial codes and those tested by the laboratory.
In a few instances where none of the words could be regarded as especially satisfactory, it was believed possible to discover suitable replacements.
Other words were tested and the most intelligible ones were compared with the more desirable lists. After World War II, with many aircraft and ground personnel from the allied armed forces, “Able Baker” was officially adopted for use in international aviation. However, many sounds were unique to English, so an alternative “Ana Brazil” alphabet was used in Latin America. After further study and modification by each approving body, the revised alphabet was adopted on 1 November , to become effective on 1 April for civil aviation but it may not have been adopted by any military.
Problems were soon found with this list. Some users believed that they were so severe that they reverted to the old “Able Baker” alphabet. Confusion among words like Delta and Extra , and between Nectar and Victor , or the poor intelligibility of other words during poor receiving conditions were the main problems.
Later in , ICAO decided to revisit the alphabet and their research. To identify the deficiencies of the new alphabet, testing was conducted among speakers from 31 nations, principally by the governments of the United Kingdom and the United States.
Among the more interesting of the research findings was that “higher noise levels do not create confusion, but do intensify those confusions already inherent between the words in question”. By early the ICAO was nearly complete with this research, and published the new official phonetic alphabet in order to account for discrepancies that might arise in communications as a result of multiple alphabet naming systems coexisting in different places and organizations.
Air Force research. After all of the above study, only the five words representing the letters C, M, N, U, and X were replaced. It was finally adopted by the IMO in In the official version of the alphabet, [2] the spellings Alfa and Juliett are used. Alfa is spelled with an f as it is in most European languages because the spelling Alpha may not be pronounced properly by native speakers of some languages — who may not know that ph should be pronounced as f.
The spelling Juliett is used rather than Juliet for the benefit of French speakers, because they may otherwise treat a single final t as silent. Early on, the NATO alliance changed X-ray to Xray in its version of the alphabet to ensure that it would be pronounced as one word rather than as two, [37] while the global organization ICAO keeps the spelling X-ray. For the and phonetics, each transmission of figures is preceded and followed by the words “as a number” spoken twice. The ITU adopted the IMO phonetic spelling alphabet in , [53] and in specified that it be “for application in the maritime mobile service only”.
Pronunciation was not defined prior to For the post phonetics, the underlined syllable of each letter word should be emphasized, and each syllable of the code words for the post figures should be equally emphasized. The Radiotelephony Spelling Alphabet is used by the International Civil Aviation Organization for international aircraft communications.
Since ‘Nectar’ was changed to ‘November’ in , the code has been mostly stable. However, there is occasional regional substitution of a few code words, such as replacing them with earlier variants, because of local taboos or confusing them with local terminology.
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. This is the latest accepted revision , reviewed on 2 October Most widely used spelling alphabet. Not to be confused with International Phonetic Alphabet or Phoenician alphabet. For other uses, see Juliet disambiguation. ICAO spelling alphabet. Problems playing this file? See media help. This section needs additional citations for verification.
Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. International Civil Aviation Organization. Archived from the original on 20 June Retrieved 2 July Archived PDF from the original on 12 April National Communications System. Archived from the original on 11 November Retrieved 11 November Archived PDF from the original on 3 October Archived from the original on 6 March Retrieved 22 August Archived from the original on 12 February Retrieved 23 January July Retrieved 18 June Archived from the original PDF on 7 November Retrieved 31 October Retrieved 20 January Archived from the original on 16 May
